PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION REFORMS AND CORRUPTION IN TURKEY

Although corruption is a very old incident, the first theoretical studies about it began in 1960s and applied ones began after 1990s. Since corruption is an extensive concept, various definitions can be made for it. It is possible to classify the factors triggering corruption as economic, social and administrative. Transparency, accountability and auditing principles are at the forefront more in the fight against corruption. Legal solutions are searched and various actions are taken in struggling with corruption in Turkish public administration. In this study, we shall put emphasis on three legal arrangements: The Ombudsman Law, The Law on Right to Information and The Law on The Foundation of an Ethical Board for Public Servants

EFFECTS OF TOURISM SECTOR ON THE EMPLOYMENT IN TURKEY: AN ECONOMETRIC APPLICATION

It appears that tourism in Turkey, which is a tourism country, developed rapidly especially after 1980 and struggled to gain competitive advantage in international tourism sector. In this context, the aim of this study is to test whether there is a long-term relationship between tourism and employment, and to display the possible contribution of the sector to employment. In this paper, annual time series data regarding tourism revenues of 1980-2006 period are examined using Engle-Granger causality test, Johansen co-integration approach and error correction modeling. . The empirical findings obtained as a result of VAR indicates that tourism has a positive effect on employment while the co-integration test indicates that there is a long-term correlation between the two variables

Proper classes generated by tau - closed submodules

WOS: 000498863500006The main object of this paper is to study relative homological aspects as well as further properties of tau-closed submodules. A submodule N of a module M is said to be tau-closed (or tau-pure) provided that M/N is tau-torsion-free, where tau stands for an idempotent radical. Whereas the well-known proper class Closed (Pure) of closed (pure) short exact sequences, the class tau - closed of tau-closed short exact sequences need not be a proper class. We describe the smallest proper class containing tau - Closed, through tau-closed submodules. We show that the smallest proper class is the proper classes projectively generated by the class of tau-torsion modules and coprojectively generated by the class of tau-torsion-free modules. Also, we consider the relations between the proper class and some of well-known proper classes, such as Closed; Pure.Research Fund of the Cukurova University [:10871]The research has been supported by Research Fund of the Cukurova University (Project Number:10871)